How does early childhood attachment affect child development

How does early churlhood attachment affect child collapsement2- Describe three important contributions Freud made to the electron orbit of human development. How does early childhood attachment affect child development? Describe the relationship between temper and best fit parenting.Freud suggested that the development occurs finished a series of psychosexual stagesOral stage (first 18 months of life)Infants main source of interaction occurs by means of the mouth.Infant receives pleasure from oral stimulation through sucking.The infant also builds a sense of trust and comfort through this oral stimulation.Anal stage (ages 1.5 to 3.5) Childs pleasure centers slightly anus and elimination.Ph onlyic stage (ages 3 to 6)Child discovers the differences between males and females.Childs pleasure centers on genitals.Child begins to identify the same-sex parent.Latency stage (ages 6 to puberty)Child enters the school and has other interests like hobbies and friends.Sexual aught is dire cted into other areas such as social and academic areas.Genital stage (from puberty onward)Individual has sexual interest in the opposite sex.Freud believed in the importance of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences. He divided the mind into two partsConscious mind includes all the things we are aware of. unconscious mind mind includes feelings, ideas, and memories that we are not aware of. Most of the unconscious contents are undesirable, such as feelings of pain and fear. Freud suggested that the unconscious mind continues to influence our behavior, evening though we are unaware of these influences.According to Freud, the human reputation is composed of the following three elementsId the only element of personality that is present from birth. This component of personality is totally unconscious. The id is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of personality.Ego is the component of personality that deals with reality. The ego develops from ear ly childhood experiences. The ego operates in both the conscious and unconscious mind. The ego functions to fulfill the Ids desires in the appropriate time and place.Superego is the component of personality that senses the right and wrong. The superego offer rules for making judgments and functions to improve our behavior, it inhibits all unacceptable desires of the id and exert effort to make the ego act idealistically rather than realistically.Attachment is an emotional bond between infant and health professional. Attachment is to seek clashing to another person, to feel safe when that person is there and to feel uneasy when that person is missing. The important aspects of attachment are trust and comfort, in contrast feeding is not an important aspect. Children develop different styles of attachment based on interactions with their caregivers. Four attachment styles have been recognized in childrenSecure child walks around freely when the mother is present, engages with strang ers, go out be disturbed when the mother leaves, and happy to see the mother return. The caregiver of a secure child is sensitive to the childs needs.Insecure-resistant child resists closeness, dont explore or engage with strangers even when the mother is there. When the mother leaves, the child is extremely upset. When the mother returns, the child will push away if the mother offers comfort. The caregiver of an insecure-resistant child is not always available to the child.Insecure-avoidant child pay no attention to the mother, showing itty-bitty emotion when the mother leaves or returns. The child will not explore much. Strangers are treated in the same way as the mother. The caregiver of an insecure-avoidant child is rejecting.Insecure- disorganized child shows insecurity by being disorganized and frightened. With new experiences the child may be afraid and confused. The caregiver of an insecure- disorganized child usually abuses the child.As a conclusion for improving the chi lds development, caregivers should be sensitive and always available to meet the childs needs.Temperament is an individuals behavioral manner and the way he reacts to emotions. Temperament influences the babys initial response to his environment. The ways in which the family responds to a baby are inclined by that babys temperament. The three basic styles of temperament according to Thomas and Chess (1977 1991) areEasy babies (40 %). Positive temper, happy, launches regular routines in infancy, adaptable to new experiences, and curious,Slow-to-warm-up babies (15 %). Inactive to the environment, has low adaptation and withdraw from new situations.Difficult babies (10%). negative temper, fearful of strangers, slow to accept new situations, easily displease and launches irregular routines in infancy.It is the mix between parent and child that concern. This mix is known as Goodness of fit which refers to the balance between a childs temperament and the environmental stress the child mus t deal with. The interaction between parents and the child will certainly affect the childs development.The following table shows the different parenting styles provoke styledescriptionAuthoritarian (very strict)Extremely controllable, stress obedience, refuses discussions.Authoritative (moderate)Allow children to learn from their own mistakes, firm, kind, allow discussion, and give confidence to their children.Permissive (kind)Exert little control, dont set rules and dont demand high levels of behavior.UninvolvedDemand very little and react minimally.Parents have to consider the childs temperament and respond correctly to it, in cabaret to improve the childs behavior. Parents should imply the following to achieve the best fit parentingBe sensitive to the childs characteristics.Be flexible in responding to the childs characteristics.Avoid labeling the child negatively.Allow discussions, and pick up to the childs point of view.Encourage the child to find solutions to problems.Respe ct the childs opinion but also be firm in your decisions.Set your expectations and limits to help the child develop self control.There are differences among children, dont compare children and respect the strong points of each child.